5.1b What are the foreign policy priorities of various powers, and how are they using their diplomatic levers to influence others? How are governments shaping foreign and defence policy including the role of diplomacy as well as the military?

Background

Threats to UK and international security take multiple forms, from the changing nature of warfare; role of illicit flows; patterns of organised crime and terrorism as transnational threats; the increase in state-linked hostile activities; to risks of direct confrontation with adversaries; and increasing salience of nuclear weapons. Disinformation and new technology bring new vulnerabilities. Research supports policy makers in understanding, adapting and responding to geopolitical and geoeconomic shifts; systemic competition; rapid technological change; and transnational challenges. Countering threats and harnessing scientific advantage will require the ability to combine innovation with international collaboration.

Next steps

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